Female Health Issues

Amenorrhea

Amenorrhea is the absence of menstruation during reproductive age in women.
It can be primary (when periods never start by age 15) or secondary (when periods stop for 3+ months after being regular).
Causes include hormonal imbalance, pregnancy, stress, excessive exercise, eating disorders, or medical conditions like PCOS.
Symptoms may include infertility, headache, hair loss, or milky nipple discharge (depending on the cause).
Treatment depends on the underlying cause and may involve lifestyle changes, medications, or hormone therapy.

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Bone

Psoriatic Arthritis

Psoriatic Arthritis is an autoimmune disease that occurs in some people with psoriasis.
It causes joint pain, stiffness, and swelling, often alongside red, scaly skin patches.
Both small and large joints may be affected, sometimes including the spine.
Risk factors include family history of psoriasis and autoimmune diseases.
Treatment involves medications (DMARDs, biologics), pain management, and lifestyle modifications.

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Child (below 4 years)

Juvenile Arthritis (Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis – JIA)

Juvenile Arthritis (JIA) is the most common type of arthritis in children under 16 years.
It is an autoimmune condition causing joint pain, swelling, and stiffness.
JIA can affect one joint or multiple joints, sometimes involving the eyes.
Symptoms include limping, fatigue, fever, and growth problems in severe cases.
Treatment includes medications, physiotherapy, healthy diet, and regular monitoring.

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Bone, Kidney

Gouty Arthritis

Gouty Arthritis is a type of inflammatory arthritis caused by excess uric acid in the blood.
It leads to the formation of sharp urate crystals in the joints, causing sudden severe pain.
The big toe is most commonly affected, but other joints may also be involved.
Risk factors include obesity, high-purine diet, alcohol intake, kidney disease, and family history.
Treatment includes medications to lower uric acid, pain relief, and lifestyle modifications.

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Bone

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA)

Rheumatoid Arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disease that attacks the joints.
It causes inflammation, swelling, stiffness, and progressive joint damage.
The disease often affects small joints first, like those in hands and feet.
Risk factors include genetics, smoking, and being female.
Treatment involves medications (DMARDs, biologics), physiotherapy, and lifestyle modifications.

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Bone

Osteoarthritis

Osteoarthritis is the most common form of arthritis, caused by wear and tear of joint cartilage.
It commonly affects knees, hips, hands, and spine, leading to pain and stiffness.
Risk factors include aging, obesity, joint injuries, and repetitive stress on joints.
Symptoms include joint pain, swelling, reduced flexibility, and sometimes bone spurs.
Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, physiotherapy, pain management, and in severe cases, joint replacement surgery.

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Bone

Arthritis

Arthritis is a group of conditions that cause inflammation, pain, and stiffness in the joints.
The most common types are Osteoarthritis, Rheumatoid Arthritis, and Gout.
Risk factors include aging, obesity, joint injuries, family history, and autoimmune disorders.
Symptoms include joint pain, swelling, reduced range of motion, and sometimes deformity.
Treatment focuses on pain relief, reducing inflammation, physical therapy, lifestyle changes, and in severe cases, surgery.

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Bone, Chronic diseases

Gout

Gout is a form of inflammatory arthritis caused by the buildup of uric acid crystals in the joints.
It commonly affects the big toe but can also involve ankles, knees, elbows, wrists, and fingers.
Risk factors include obesity, high-purine diet, alcohol consumption, kidney disease, and family history.
Symptoms include sudden and severe joint pain, swelling, redness, and warmth, often at night.
Treatment involves medications to reduce pain and inflammation, uric acid–lowering drugs, and lifestyle changes.

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Cancer

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS)

Rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) is a rare cancer that forms in soft tissues, often in muscles.
It mainly affects children and young adults but can occur at any age.
Common sites include the head, neck, bladder, uterus, and limbs.
Symptoms may involve swelling, pain, or a noticeable lump.
Treatment usually combines surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy.

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Cancer

Chondrosarcoma

Chondrosarcoma is a rare type of cancer that develops in cartilage cells.
It most often affects the bones of the pelvis, thigh, shoulder, or ribs.
The tumor usually grows slowly but can become aggressive in some cases.
Symptoms may include pain, swelling, and restricted movement.
Treatment mainly involves surgery, as chemotherapy and radiation are less effective.

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