Hair

Folliculitis (Inflammation of Hair Follicles)

Hair

Folliculitis is the inflammation or infection of hair follicles, often caused by bacteria, fungi, or irritation.
It commonly appears as small red bumps or pustules resembling pimples around hair roots.
Symptoms include itching, pain, tenderness, and sometimes pus-filled blisters.
Risk factors include shaving, sweating, tight clothing, or weakened immunity.
Treatment involves topical or oral antibiotics/antifungals, warm compresses, and good hygiene.

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Hair

Fungal Infection of Hair & Scalp (Tinea Capitis / Scalp Ringworm)

Hair

Fungal infection of hair & scalp, called Tinea Capitis, is caused by dermatophyte fungi.
It commonly affects children and spreads through contact with infected persons, animals, or contaminated items.
Symptoms include itchy, scaly patches, brittle hair, hair loss spots, and sometimes swollen lymph nodes.
In severe cases, it may cause kerion (painful, pus-filled swelling on the scalp).
Treatment involves antifungal medications (oral and topical), along with maintaining scalp hygiene.

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Hair

Cicatricial Alopecia (Scarring Alopecia)

Hair

Cicatricial Alopecia, also known as Scarring Alopecia, is a rare form of permanent hair loss.
It occurs when inflammation destroys hair follicles and replaces them with scar tissue.
The condition may cause itching, pain, or burning in the scalp before hair loss.
Causes include autoimmune diseases, severe infections, or physical injury.
Treatment focuses on controlling inflammation to prevent further progression.

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Hair

Anagen Effluvium (Rapid Hair Loss During Growth Phase)

Hair

Anagen Effluvium is a sudden and severe type of hair loss that occurs during the active growth phase of hair.
It is commonly caused by chemotherapy, radiation therapy, or exposure to toxins.
Hair falls out rapidly in large amounts, often affecting scalp, eyebrows, and body hair.
Unlike other types, the follicles remain intact, allowing hair regrowth once the trigger is removed.
Treatment focuses on managing the underlying cause and supporting healthy hair recovery.

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Hair

Telogen Effluvium (Stress/Illness Related Hair Fall)

Hair

Telogen Effluvium is a temporary form of hair loss that occurs when a large number of hair follicles enter the resting (telogen) phase.
It is commonly triggered by physical or emotional stress, illness, surgery, medications, or hormonal changes.
Hair shedding usually appears as diffuse thinning across the scalp rather than bald patches.
The condition often begins 2–3 months after the triggering event and may last for several months.
Treatment focuses on addressing the underlying cause, stress management, nutritional support, and reassurance, as hair often regrows naturally.

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Hair

Alopecia Areata

Hair

Alopecia Areata is an autoimmune condition where the immune system attacks hair follicles, causing sudden hair loss.
It often presents as small, round bald patches on the scalp, beard, or other body areas.
The exact cause is unknown, but genetic and environmental factors play a role.
In some cases, hair may regrow, while in others, it may progress to total hair loss (Alopecia Totalis/Universalis).
Treatment options include corticosteroid injections, topical immunotherapy, and medicines that suppress the immune response.

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Hair

Androgenetic Alopecia (Pattern Baldness)

Hair

Androgenetic Alopecia, commonly known as Pattern Baldness, is the most common type of hair loss in men and women.
It is caused by genetic factors and hormonal sensitivity to dihydrotestosterone (DHT).
In men, it typically presents as a receding hairline and thinning on the crown, while in women, diffuse thinning occurs.
The condition usually progresses gradually and may start in early adulthood.
Treatment options include medications (minoxidil, finasteride), hair transplant surgery, and lifestyle measures.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Miscarriage (Spontaneous Abortion)

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Miscarriage, also called Spontaneous Abortion, is the loss of a pregnancy before 20 weeks of gestation.
It can result from genetic abnormalities, hormonal imbalances, uterine problems, infections, or lifestyle factors.
Symptoms include vaginal bleeding, abdominal cramps, back pain, and passing tissue from the uterus.
Risk factors include advanced maternal age, previous miscarriages, chronic illnesses, and smoking or alcohol use.
Treatment involves rest, monitoring, medications, or surgical procedures depending on the severity and cause.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Placenta Previa

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Placenta Previa is a pregnancy condition where the placenta covers the cervix partially or completely.
It often presents in the second or third trimester with painless vaginal bleeding.
Risk factors include multiple pregnancies, prior cesarean deliveries, smoking, and advanced maternal age.
Complications may include severe bleeding, preterm birth, and risks to both mother and baby.
Management involves bed rest, avoiding vaginal exams, hospitalization in severe cases, and cesarean delivery if necessary.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Eclampsia

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Eclampsia is a severe complication of pregnancy marked by the onset of seizures in a woman with preeclampsia.
It can occur before, during, or after childbirth and poses serious risks to both mother and baby.
Symptoms include convulsions, loss of consciousness, severe headaches, visual disturbances, and high blood pressure.
Risk factors include untreated preeclampsia, multiple pregnancies, obesity, and a history of hypertension.
Treatment requires emergency care with anticonvulsant medications, blood pressure control, and timely delivery of the baby.

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