Gynecology

Female Health Issues, Gynecology, Male Health Issues

Trichomoniasis

Female Health Issues, Gynecology, Male Health Issues

Trichomoniasis is a common sexually transmitted infection (STI) caused by the parasite Trichomonas vaginalis.
It often affects the vagina in women and the urethra in men.
Symptoms include vaginal discharge with foul odor, itching, burning sensation, pain during urination, and discomfort during sex.
Many infected men may remain asymptomatic but can still spread the infection.
Treatment usually involves prescription antibiotics such as metronidazole or tinidazole, and safe sex practices help prevent recurrence.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) is an infection of the female reproductive organs, including the uterus, fallopian tubes, and ovaries.
It is commonly caused by untreated sexually transmitted infections (STIs) such as chlamydia or gonorrhea.
Symptoms include pelvic pain, abnormal vaginal discharge, fever, irregular bleeding, and painful intercourse.
If untreated, PID can lead to infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain.
Treatment involves antibiotics, hospitalization in severe cases, and preventive measures like safe sexual practices.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Vaginal Prolapse

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Vaginal Prolapse occurs when the vaginal walls lose support and bulge into or outside the vaginal canal.
It is often caused by childbirth, aging, menopause, obesity, or weakening of pelvic floor muscles.
Symptoms include a feeling of heaviness, vaginal bulging, urinary or bowel difficulties, and discomfort during intercourse.
Risk factors include multiple vaginal deliveries, chronic coughing, heavy lifting, and connective tissue disorders.
Treatment involves pelvic floor exercises, pessary devices, lifestyle changes, and surgery for severe cases.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Uterine Prolapse

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Uterine Prolapse occurs when the uterus descends from its normal position into the vaginal canal.
It is often caused by weakening of pelvic floor muscles due to childbirth, aging, or hormonal changes.
Symptoms include a feeling of heaviness or pressure in the pelvis, urinary or bowel problems, and vaginal bulging.
Risk factors include multiple vaginal deliveries, obesity, chronic coughing, and connective tissue disorders.
Treatment includes pelvic floor exercises (Kegels), pessary devices, lifestyle modifications, and surgery in severe cases.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Ovarian Cysts

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Ovarian cysts are fluid-filled sacs that develop on or inside the ovaries.
They are common in women of reproductive age and are often benign.
Most cysts are asymptomatic, but larger cysts may cause pelvic pain, bloating, or menstrual irregularities.
Risk factors include hormonal imbalance, endometriosis, pregnancy, and severe pelvic infections.
Treatment depends on size, type, and symptoms, ranging from monitoring to medications or surgical removal.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Uterine Fibroids (Leiomyomas)

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Uterine Fibroids, also called Leiomyomas or Myomas, are noncancerous growths of the uterus.
They often appear during childbearing years and vary in size from tiny seedlings to large masses.
Common symptoms include heavy menstrual bleeding, pelvic pain, frequent urination, and infertility.
Risk factors include family history, obesity, early puberty, and hormonal imbalance (estrogen/progesterone).
Treatment options include medications, hormone therapy, minimally invasive procedures, or surgery

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Endometriosis

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Endometriosis is a chronic condition where tissue similar to the uterine lining grows outside the uterus.
It commonly affects ovaries, fallopian tubes, and pelvic lining, causing pain and complications.
Symptoms include painful periods, pelvic pain, heavy bleeding, infertility, and pain during intercourse.
The exact cause is unclear but factors include genetics, retrograde menstruation, and hormonal imbalance.
Treatment involves pain management, hormone therapy, and surgery in severe cases.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Menopause and Related Issues

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Menopause is the natural end of menstruation, usually occurring between ages 45–55.
It results from a decline in ovarian hormone production, especially estrogen and progesterone.
Common symptoms include hot flashes, night sweats, mood swings, vaginal dryness, and sleep disturbances.
Long-term issues may include osteoporosis, heart disease risk, and urinary problems.
Management includes lifestyle changes, hormone replacement therapy (HRT), and supportive care for symptom relief.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS) refers to physical, emotional, and behavioral symptoms that occur before menstruation.
Common symptoms include mood swings, irritability, bloating, breast tenderness, headaches, and fatigue.
It usually starts a few days to two weeks before periods and improves once menstruation begins.
Hormonal fluctuations, stress, poor diet, and lifestyle factors may contribute to PMS.
Treatment includes exercise, stress management, balanced diet, medications, and lifestyle modifications.

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Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS / PCOD)

Female Health Issues, Gynecology

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS/PCOD) is a common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age.
It causes irregular periods, excess androgen (male hormone) levels, and multiple small cysts on the ovaries.
Symptoms include weight gain, acne, excessive hair growth, hair thinning, and infertility.
PCOS is strongly linked to insulin resistance, increasing the risk of diabetes and metabolic syndrome.
Treatment focuses on lifestyle changes, weight management, medications, and managing fertility issues.

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